What Are Pigmentation and Hyperpigmentation?

Pigmentation refers to the colouring of the skin caused by melanin production. It's a natural part of the skin's appearance. Hyperpigmentation, however, is the darkening of an area of skin caused by increased melanin. This results in spots or patches that are darker than the surrounding skin, often due to factors like sun exposure, hormonal changes (such as during pregnancy or due to birth control pills), certain medications, and inflammation or injury to the skin (like acne scars or melasma).  This can occur in small patches, cover large areas, or affect the entire body.